精密PCB電路板樹脂塞孔研磨步驟

樹脂塞孔與綠油塞孔的區(qū)別

二維碼 18

發(fā)表時間：2025-08-28 08:57作者：上海歐贊自動化設(shè)備有限公司來源：上海歐贊自動化設(shè)備有限公司

樹脂塞孔與綠油塞孔的區(qū)別

工藝原理
- 綠油塞孔：采用綠油（阻焊油墨）對PCB內(nèi)層HDI的埋孔進行填充，固化后完成塞孔。
- 樹脂塞孔：使用樹脂將內(nèi)層HDI的埋孔塞住，之后進行壓合等后續(xù)工序。
工藝效果
- 綠油塞孔：固化后會收縮，容易出現(xiàn)孔內(nèi)吹氣問題，難以滿足高飽滿度要求。
- 樹脂塞孔：解決了綠油塞孔的弊端，平衡了壓合的介質(zhì)層厚度控制與內(nèi)層HDI埋孔填膠設(shè)計之間的矛盾，在飽滿度、塞孔質(zhì)量等方面更具優(yōu)勢。
工藝流程與成本
- 綠油塞孔：流程較為簡單。
- 樹脂塞孔：流程相對復雜，成本較高。

樹脂塞孔工程的制作要求

制程順序：包括鉆孔、電鍍、塞孔、烘烤、研磨。鉆孔后將孔鍍通，接著塞樹脂烘烤，之后研磨磨平，因磨平后的樹脂不含銅，需再鍍一層銅變成PAD，且這些制程在原本PCB鉆孔制程前進行，先處理好要塞孔的孔，再鉆其他孔，按正常制程繼續(xù)。
飽滿度控制：控制內(nèi)層HDI塞孔的飽滿度是預防爆板的必要條件；若在線路以后進行塞孔，要控制好塞孔到壓合之間的時間和板面清潔度。
樹脂突起控制：控制好樹脂的打磨和壓平，橫豎各磨板一遍，確保板面樹脂磨干凈，局部沒磨干凈的可手工打磨修理干凈；磨板后樹脂凹陷不能大于0.075mm。
電鍍要求：根據(jù)客戶銅厚要求進行電鍍，電鍍后再進行切片確認樹脂塞孔凹陷度。

精密PCB電路板樹脂塞孔研磨步驟

文檔中未詳細闡述具體研磨步驟，僅提及研磨是在塞孔、烘烤之后，將樹脂磨平，且磨板時橫豎各磨一遍，確保板面樹脂磨干凈，局部沒磨干凈的可手工打磨修理干凈，同時要控制磨板后樹脂凹陷不能大于0.075mm 。

樹脂塞孔的預防改善措施

針對孔口氣泡
- 選用合適的塞孔油墨，控制油墨的存放條件和保質(zhì)期。
- 規(guī)范的檢查流程，避免孔口有空洞出現(xiàn)，依靠過硬的塞孔技術(shù)和良好的絲印條件來提高塞孔的良率。
針對塞孔不飽滿：同上述控制內(nèi)層HDI塞孔飽滿度的措施，控制好塞孔到壓合的時間和板面清潔度等。
針對樹脂與銅分層
- 選擇合適的樹脂，尤其是材料Tg和膨脹系數(shù)的選擇，合適的生產(chǎn)流程以及除膠參數(shù)，避免焊盤與樹脂受熱后脫離。
- 孔表面的銅厚厚度大于15um微米時，可極大改善樹脂與銅分層的問題。

樹脂塞孔常見的質(zhì)量問題及其改進方法

常見問題
- 孔口氣泡
- 塞孔不飽滿
- 樹脂與銅分層
改進方法：同上述預防改善措施內(nèi)容。

PCB樹脂塞孔的定義

PCB樹脂塞孔的制程包括鉆孔、電鍍、塞孔、烘烤、研磨。鉆孔后將孔鍍通，接著塞樹脂烘烤，之后研磨磨平，磨平后的樹脂不含銅，需再鍍一層銅變成PAD，這些制程在原本PCB鉆孔制程前進行，先處理好要塞孔的孔，再鉆其他孔，按正常制程繼續(xù)。采用該工藝，PCB板表面無凹痕，孔可導通且不影響焊接，在高多層、厚度較大的產(chǎn)品上備受青睞，但因樹脂特性，制作需克服諸多困難以保證質(zhì)量。

PCB加工中樹脂塞孔工藝在PCB研磨領(lǐng)域，憑借其深厚的行業(yè)經(jīng)驗和持續(xù)的創(chuàng)新，形成了獨特的主打技術(shù)。公司專注于提供線路板研磨、塞孔的全方位解決方案，并已成功申請20余項專利，以**的生產(chǎn)技術(shù)服務滿足客戶的需求。這些主打技術(shù)不僅提升了公司的市場競爭力，更推動了整個PCB行業(yè)的發(fā)展。公司擁有一支專業(yè)的非標真空設(shè)備研發(fā)團隊。針對當前真空塞孔設(shè)備效率不高的問題，我們專注于臺面?zhèn)鬏斚到y(tǒng)的研發(fā)與改進，旨在提升設(shè)備效率。經(jīng)過不懈努力，且其效率相較于現(xiàn)有設(shè)備提高了15-20%。設(shè)備的穩(wěn)定性和效率均贏得了客戶的廣泛認可。在過去的三年里，我們不斷拓展市場，目前已與多家知名企業(yè)達成合作，包括方正、滬士、TTM、景旺、中富、奧士康、KB集團、崇達和勝宏等。

隨著電子產(chǎn)品向輕、小、薄發(fā)展，高精度、高密度、高難度PCB板需求增多，為滿足行業(yè)發(fā)展，PCB制造商不斷創(chuàng)新工藝，樹脂塞孔工藝應運而生。它解決了綠油塞孔或壓合填樹脂不能解決的問題，在盲埋孔、HDI、厚銅等產(chǎn)品上普遍應用，涉及通訊、航空、電源、網(wǎng)絡等行業(yè)。該工藝在PCB里應用越來越普遍，尤其在高層數(shù)、高精密PCB多層電路板中，適應了裝配元器件微小型化發(fā)展，縮小PCB設(shè)計尺寸，提高了HDI、厚銅、背板等產(chǎn)品的可靠性和制作工藝能力。

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The difference between resin plug hole and green oil plug hole

Process Principle

Green oil plug hole: Fill the buried holes of HDI in the inner layer of PCB with green oil (solder mask ink), and complete the plug hole after curing.

Resin plug hole: Use resin to plug the buried hole of the inner HDI, and then perform subsequent processes such as pressing.

process effect

Green oil plug hole: After curing, it will shrink and easily cause problems with blowing air inside the hole, making it difficult to meet high fullness requirements.

Resin plug hole: solves the drawbacks of green oil plug hole, balances the contradiction between the thickness control of the pressed medium layer and the design of the inner HDI buried hole filling adhesive, and has more advantages in terms of fullness and plug hole quality.

Process flow and cost

Green oil plug hole: The process is relatively simple.

Resin plug hole: The process is relatively complex and the cost is high.

Requirements for the production of resin plug hole engineering

Process sequence: including drilling, electroplating, plugging, baking, and grinding. After drilling, the holes are plated through, then filled with resin and baked, and then ground and smoothed. As the smoothed resin does not contain copper, another layer of copper needs to be plated to become a PAD. These processes are carried out before the original PCB drilling process. First, the holes to be plugged are processed, and then other holes are drilled, continuing with the normal process.

Plumpness control: Controlling the plumpness of the inner HDI plug hole is a necessary condition for preventing bursting of the board; If plugging is done after the circuit, the time between plugging and pressing and the cleanliness of the board surface should be controlled.

Resin protrusion control: Control the polishing and flattening of the resin, grind the board horizontally and vertically once to ensure that the resin on the board surface is completely polished. If there are parts that are not completely polished, they can be manually polished and repaired; The resin indentation after grinding cannot exceed 0.075mm.

Electroplating requirements: Electroplating should be carried out according to the customer's copper thickness requirements, and after electroplating, slicing should be performed to confirm the degree of resin plug hole depression.

Grinding steps for resin plug holes on precision PCB circuit boards

The document does not provide a detailed explanation of the specific grinding steps, only mentioning that the grinding process involves grinding the resin flat after plugging and baking, and grinding the board horizontally and vertically once to ensure that the resin on the board surface is completely cleaned. If there are parts that are not completely ground, they can be manually polished and repaired. At the same time, the resin depression after grinding should not exceed 0.075mm.

Preventive and improvement measures for resin plug holes

Regarding the bubble at the orifice

Select appropriate plug hole ink, control the storage conditions and shelf life of the ink.

Standardized inspection procedures are used to avoid the occurrence of holes in the holes, relying on excellent plug hole technology and good screen printing conditions to improve the yield of plug holes.

Regarding the insufficient filling of the plug hole: similar to the measures mentioned above to control the filling degree of the inner HDI plug hole, control the time from plug hole to pressing and the cleanliness of the board surface.

Regarding resin and copper layering

Choose the appropriate resin, especially the selection of material Tg and expansion coefficient, suitable production process, and adhesive removal parameters, to avoid detachment of solder pads and resin after heating.

When the copper thickness on the surface of the hole is greater than 15um microns, it can greatly improve the problem of resin and copper delamination.

Common quality problems and improvement methods of resin plug holes

Frequently Asked Questions

Orifice bubble

The plug hole is not full

Resin and copper layering

Improvement method: Same as the prevention and improvement measures mentioned above.

Definition of PCB resin plug hole

The process of PCB resin plug hole includes drilling, electroplating, plug hole, baking, and grinding. After drilling, the holes are plated through, then filled with resin and baked, and then ground and smoothed. The smoothed resin does not contain copper and needs to be plated with another layer of copper to become a PAD. These processes are carried out before the original PCB drilling process. First, the holes to be plugged are processed, and then other holes are drilled, continuing with the normal process. By using this process, the surface of the PCB board is free of dents, and the holes are conductive without affecting soldering. It is highly favored in products with high layers and large thicknesses. However, due to the resin properties, many difficulties need to be overcome in production to ensure quality.

The resin plug hole process in PCB processing has formed a unique flagship technology in the field of PCB grinding, relying on its profound industry experience and continuous innovation. The company focuses on providing comprehensive solutions for circuit board grinding and hole plugging, and has successfully applied for more than 20 patents to meet customer needs with excellent production technology services. These flagship technologies not only enhance the company's market competitiveness, but also promote the development of the entire PCB industry. The company has a professional non-standard vacuum equipment research and development team. In response to the low efficiency of current vacuum plug hole equipment, we focus on the research and improvement of tabletop transmission systems, aiming to enhance equipment efficiency. After unremitting efforts, its efficiency has increased by 15-20% compared to existing equipment. The stability and efficiency of the equipment have won wide recognition from customers. In the past three years, we have continuously expanded our market and have established partnerships with several well-known enterprises, including Founder, Hushi TTM、 Jingwang, Zhongfu, Aoshikang, KB Group, Chongda, Shenghong, etc.

With the development of electronic products towards light, small, and thin, there is an increasing demand for high-precision, high-density, and difficult PCB boards. In order to meet the development of the industry, PCB manufacturers continue to innovate their processes, and resin plug hole technology has emerged. It solves the problem that cannot be solved by green oil plug holes or pressure filled resin, in blind buried holes HDI、 Thick copper and other products are widely used in industries such as communication, aviation, power supply, and networking. This process is becoming increasingly common in PCB applications, especially in high-level, high-precision PCB multilayer circuit boards. It adapts to the development of miniaturization of assembly components, reduces PCB design size, and improves the reliability and manufacturing process capabilities of HDI, thick copper, backplate and other products.